Chimpanzees in Uganda reveal ancient roots of caregiving
Observations of chimpanzees in Uganda have disclosed remarkable behaviours. Not only do they treat their own wounds, but they also care for other sick members of their group. This could provide new insights into similar behaviours among human ancestors.
Key information
- Chimpanzees in Uganda use simple methods for wound treatment.
- The animals help not only themselves but also other members of their group.
- The research may provide new insights into the evolution of human medicine.
Researchers from the University of Oxford discovered that chimpanzees in the Budongo Forest in Uganda use simple methods for wound treatment. Additionally, they assist other individuals, which may suggest that such behaviours have deeper evolutionary roots.
The researchers observed that the chimpanzees use various treatment techniques, such as licking wounds, chewing plants, and applying them to injured areas. These methods may contain antibacterial properties and accelerate healing.
"By documenting how chimpanzees identify and utilize medicinal plants and provide care to others, we gain insight into the cognitive and social foundations of human healthcare behaviors," explains Dr Elodie Freymann, the lead author of the article published in "Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution."
Reactions and consequences of the discovery
Dr Elodie Freymann, the research author, emphasises that these observations may help in understanding the evolutionary roots of human medicine. Chimpanzees demonstrate the ability to recognise the suffering of others and take actions to alleviate it, which is particularly intriguing from an evolutionary perspective.
Researchers documented a total of 41 cases of treatment. In 34 cases, the animals cared for themselves, while in seven cases it involved other individuals. Experts also note that among the seven cases of prosocial care, four involved wound treatment, two involved assistance in removing snares, and one was help with hygiene activities.
"These behaviors add to the evidence from other sites that chimpanzees appear to recognize need or suffering in others and take deliberate action to alleviate it, even when there's no direct genetic advantage," emphasises Dr Freymann.
The researchers plan to continue their studies to better understand the social and ecological contexts of these behaviours. Further observations are necessary to fully comprehend how common these practices are among chimpanzees and what factors influence them.
