Tartrazine caution: Health risks linked to widespread E102 use
Tartrazine, or E102, is a widely used orange dye prevalent in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Those who need to be particularly wary of its consumption include allergy sufferers and children. How does it impact health, and in which products can it be found?
Tartrazine, designated as E102, is an artificial dye of an orange colour (depending on the concentration, it can appear yellow or orange) and is extensively utilised across various industries. It is mainly used to produce food, medicines, and cosmetics. However, its health effects remain a topic of controversy.
Tartrazine may trigger allergic reactions, such as skin redness or breathing difficulties, particularly in individuals allergic to aspirin and those with asthma.
Tartrazine in food products
Since 2010, producers have been required to inform consumers of the presence of tartrazine in food. This dye can impact children's activity and attention span, causing symptoms similar to ADHD. It can be found in cornflakes, beverages, pasta, mustard, and crisps.
The World Health Organization recommends a daily intake limit for a healthy adult of 10 mg per kilogram of body weight.
Use in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics
Tartrazine is a pigment used in pharmaceuticals to colour syrups, capsules, and other medicines, aiding identification. It is also used in cosmetics, especially those with green hues, such as soaps, shampoos, and toothpaste. Furthermore, tartrazine is a pigment in colourful cosmetics, such as eyeshadows, foundations, and lipsticks.
Although permitted in the EU, Canada, and the USA, some countries, like the United Arab Emirates, have banned its use in food.
Consumer awareness and regulations
In recent years, consumer awareness about the potential dangers of food additives has increased.
Tartrazine, part of the so-called "Southampton Six", has been identified as one of the dyes that may cause adverse health reactions. Studies indicate that it can exacerbate conditions in people with asthma and may have carcinogenic effects, leading some countries to impose restrictions on its use.
Many food products, such as carbonated drinks and sweets, contain artificial dyes. Consumers, particularly parents of young children, are becoming more vigilant about their presence in food. Educational campaigns and legal changes aim to lessen the intake of substances like E102, which, though legal, remain controversial.
We are often drawn to attractive packaging and colourful products when visiting shops or chemists. Unfortunately, many of these owe their appearance to artificial dyes and natural ones. Dyes used in the food industry are listed on labels as the letter "E" followed by the corresponding number – from 100 to 199.
