Uncovering the mysterious Melanesian formation: A window to Earth's past
An unusual formation has been discovered at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean, the origin of which remains a mystery to scientists. This structure, which is 120 million years old, is the subject of ongoing research and observation. Experts believe it may play a key role in understanding the history of our planet.
Although humanity continually strives to unravel the mysteries of the universe and increasingly explores space with boldness, many secrets on Earth itself remain undiscovered. Of particular interest to scientists is an extraordinary formation hidden beneath the Pacific's surface. Its area exceeds 200,000 sq km, comparable to the size of the United Kingdom. This structure is known as the Melanesian Border Plateau.
Unique formation under the ocean
A publication in "Earth and Planetary Science Letters" reveals that the plateau is a unique geological formation dating back to the dinosaur era. Researchers analysing rock samples from this area have concluded that this structure began to form during the Cretaceous period, around 120 million years ago.
During this period, a series of volcanic lava eruptions initiated the formation of numerous underwater mountains. The next phase occurred between 56 and 34 million years ago when new mountains and islands formed due to intense volcanic activity. Over time, these formations underwent erosion and eventually sank.
The third phase of the plateau's formation occurred between 23 and 5 million years ago, and its most recent phase began about 5 million years ago and likely continues to this day. Although the existence of this region has been known for a long time, scientists note that many such formations develop over millions of years without any apparent environmental impact. It is precisely this lack of significant impact that has so far limited intensive research on the Melanesian Border Plateau.
Recent studies indicate that at least 25 different volcanic structures contributed to the formation of the plateau. However, to better understand the history and development of our planet, scientists must continue their research. Their goal is to determine whether the current stage of this structure's development is indeed the last one that will ever occur.
Studying the mysteries of the Melanesian Border Plateau will allow scientists to gain a deeper understanding of tectonic mechanisms, which are crucial for analysing the processes leading to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. To acquire more samples from this extraordinary geological "birthmark" on Earth, researchers will need to organise many more expeditions.
