Estonia bolsters border with 600 new bunkers against Russian threats

Estonia is preparing to construct fortifications along its border with Russia, set to begin this year. According to the Estonian public broadcaster ERR, by early summer, the Estonian Defence Forces are expected to choose one of the two bunker models tested last year. Construction is to start within six months, and the first 14 bunkers should be ready by the fall in northeastern Estonia. An additional four bunkers will be built on the southeastern border.

According to reports, the bunkers were designed with experiences from the war in Ukraine in mind. They are specifically constructed to withstand direct hits from 15-centimetre artillery shells. Although not directly tested against drone attacks, the amount of explosives used during trials ensures they can withstand such threats as well.

"While installing the bunkers, we consider the experiences gained in Ukraine, where special nets and anti-drone measures are used so that the drone cannot directly hit the bunker," explained Ainar Afanasjev, head of the engineering department at the Armed Forces General Staff, as quoted by ERR.

The line of bunkers is just one part of a larger defensive network. Plans also include installing anti-tank barriers and creating fire positions. Some elements of the defence zone will be implemented only in crisis situations. In total, Estonia plans to deploy about 600 bunkers along its eastern border with Russia. Most of the construction will take place on state lands, though some private plots will also be used. Officials emphasize that there is no need to purchase private land, only to secure the right to use it, as each bunker requires about 50 square metres of space.

On March 21st, the Estonian Ministry of Defence announced that Ukraine has officially presented a list of military aid needs valued at 100 million euros, which will be purchased from Estonian defence firms.