Serbia’s shift: From MiG maintenance to NATO ties
Serbia, which for years remained militarily linked to Russia and armed itself, among other things, with Russian aircraft, is now facing problems with them. Instead of further contracts with Moscow, Belgrade is increasingly inclined to make agreements with NATO countries. Last year, it reached an agreement with France and now with Hungary.
As noted by the Bulgarian Military portal, reports from the Balkans suggest that Serbia has reached an agreement with Hungary. As a result, Serbia will acquire a larger batch of post-Soviet equipment, including BTR-80 infantry fighting vehicles and, above all, MiG-29 fighters.
Serbia seeks salvation for MiG-29 fighters
Although Serbia is trying to acquire more modern combat aircraft, it still largely bases the strength of its air force on post-Soviet and Russian machines. Efforts to acquire MiG-29 fighters from Hungary are seen mainly as an attempt to find "donors of spare parts." After Russia invaded Ukraine, even long-time Moscow allies found themselves in a difficult position, as they began to lack supplies from a country plunged into a prolonged conflict.
The MiG-29 is a frontline fighter, with production commencing in 1983. Although it significantly lags behind modern NATO and Russian fighters, operational examples continue to demonstrate their effectiveness, as highlighted by their use in Kyiv and Moscow air forces. The MiG-29 is powered by two Klimov RD-33 engines, enabling a maximum speed of approximately 2.3 Mach (over 2,400 km/h). Its basic armament includes the GSz-30-1 30mm aircraft cannon; however, the MiG-29 can also carry air-to-air missiles or bombs, with a total capacity of up to 5,500 kilograms.
Serbia moves away from post-Soviet armaments
In 2024, Serbia agreed with France to purchase Rafale fighters (12 units). This was perceived as a clear shift by Belgrade towards Western military technology. According to Serbian President Aleksandar Vučić, commenting on this fact, the Rafale contract is a "breakthrough for the Serbian air force."
However, the French machines will not be delivered until 2028, so until then, Belgrade must keep the MiG-29 fighters in readiness. Several of them were received "as a legacy" after the breakup of Yugoslavia, with more purchased in 2017 and 2019, respectively, from Russia (six units) and Belarus (four). Soon they will be joined by an undisclosed number of MiG-29s from Hungary. After inspections, the machines in the worst condition may become "donors of spare parts" for those assessed as more suitable for flights.
Earlier this year, another significant contract was announced, which Serbia finalized. It pertains to an agreement with Israeli firm Elbit Systems, through which the Serbian army will enhance its capabilities with PULS artillery systems and Hermes 900 drones.
