Natural hydrogen reserves: A breakthrough for clean energy exploration

Scientists have discovered that mountain ranges may conceal reserves of naturally occurring hydrogen gas. The study results, published in "Science Advances", suggest that these gas deposits may be an untapped source of clean energy.

An international team of researchers, including geophysicist Sascha Brune from the GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences, conducted simulations of tectonic plate movements to understand hydrogen production processes.

Researchers focused on a process called serpentinization, where the mantle beneath the Earth's crust comes into contact with water, leading to the formation of hydrogen gas. This process is more likely to occur in mountains where tectonic plates are being pushed together. Scientists have identified locations where serpentinization may occur up to 20 times more frequently than in other areas.

Frank Zwaan from the GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences emphasises that new exploration concepts, considering the tectonic history of a given location, will be crucial for success. Hydrogen exploration plans already include the Pyrenees, Alps, and Balkans. Although the study does not provide a global estimate of the hydrogen quantity, previous analyses suggest that hydrogen in the Pyrenees could meet the needs of half a million people annually.

Frank Zwaan notes that this is a chance for the beginning of a new era in the natural hydrogen industry. "Overall, we may be at a turning point for natural H2 exploration. As such, we could be witnessing the birth of a new natural hydrogen industry," he argued in a conversation with Science Alert. Scientists are hopeful, although they emphasise that much work remains to confirm the presence of hydrogen gas and ensure a sustainable process for its utilisation.