Russian arms inflow into Libya stirs regional tension
The Russian presence raises concern in Tripoli. The Libyan National Army, led by Marshal Khalifa Haftar, showcased Russian Smerch missile systems and Tor air defence systems during a parade in Benghazi.
The Libyan National Army (LNA), under the command of Marshal Khalifa Haftar, organised a military parade in Benghazi, where it presented Russian weaponry. The event took place on 26 May, marking the 11th anniversary of Operation Al-Karama, which commenced in 2014 against Islamic factions in Libya.
BM-30 Smerch and Tor-M2E
As reported by United24 Media, the parade showcased, among others, BM-30 Smerch missile systems and Tor-M2E air defence systems. The Smerch is an advanced artillery platform capable of launching 12 missiles in less than 40 seconds, with a range of up to 90 kilometres.
Among other vehicles presented were infantry fighting vehicles BMP-2M, T-72 and T-55 tanks, BTR-82 armoured personnel carriers, and VPK-Ural trucks. These advanced devices allow for attacking the opponent from long distances. This fact may indicate a change in operational doctrine as advanced systems may suggest a shift in the operational doctrine of the Libyan National Army.
Libya as Moscow's partner
Russia is systematically increasing its military presence in Libya, which is directly related to the reduction of its involvement in Syria after the fall of Bashar al-Assad's regime in December 2023. Faced with the loss of key bases in Syria, Moscow transferred a significant amount of military equipment, including S-300 and S-400 air defence systems, to eastern Libya, controlled by General Khalifa Haftar.
In March and April 2024, Russia delivered at least 1,000 soldiers and 6,600 tonnes of military equipment to Libya, while also modernising the Al-Qardabiyah, Al-Jufra, and Brak Al-Shati airbases to accommodate transport aircraft and enhance logistical capabilities. Furthermore, Russia is seeking to build a naval base in the port of Tobruk, which would allow it to maintain a permanent presence on NATO's southern flank and increase its influence in the Mediterranean region. These actions are met with strong opposition from the Government of National Unity in Tripoli and concern from Turkey, which supports the western part of Libya and fears regional destabilisation.
Technology for resources
Analysts suggest that Russia may consider exchanging advanced weaponry for concessions in Libyan resource extraction. Faced with sanctions and an ongoing conflict, Libya may become a key strategic partner for Moscow, offering access to valuable resources.
The presence of Russian military equipment in Libya raises alarm among authorities in Tripoli, who increasingly signal Moscow's growing influence. Meanwhile, Russia is strengthening its positions, which could significantly impact the regional geopolitical balance.
